First-tier Tribunal Grants Dispensation for Urgent Repairs

OUTCOME: Allowed

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FIRST-TIER TRIBUNAL PROPERTY CHAMBER (RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY) Case reference : CHI/29UN/LDC/2024/0004 Property : 138 [ADDRESS], [POSTCODE] Applicant : [redacted] :

[COMPANY]

Respondents :

[redacted] [NAME] [NAME] and Miss [NAME] (Flat 2) Mrs [NAME] (Flat 3) Ms [NAME] (Flat 4)

Type of Application : Application for the dispensation of consultation requirements pursuant to S.20ZA of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985 Tribunal Members : Judge Hugh Lumby Venue : Paper determination Date of Decision : 23 April 2024

DECISION

2 Decision of the Tribunal The Tribunal grants the application for the dispensation of all or any of the consultation requirements provided for by section 20 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985 (Section 20ZA of the same Act). The background to the application 1. The Property is a converted terrace house, containing four flats across four storeys. The application describes it as “constructed of yellow cavity brick, [ADDRESS] is an Edwardian style property which was built circa 1905, benefits from a rear garden (which is demised to Flat 1) and features design elements which are synonymous with the local area/period”.

2. The [NAME] of Flat 4 reported a leak into the Property coming from several different areas of the roof and causing damage to the flat. Separately, the [NAME] of Flat 4 reported water ingress into their flat from a leaking downpipe.

3. The repair works to both sets of leaks were considered to be urgent as more damage arose each time it rained.

4. The managing agents obtained quotations from two builders and proceeded with the lower of the two quotations received (£1,450 and £1,950). The chosen contractor was able to utilise scaffolding erected on a neighbouring property, saving the cost of erecting new scaffolding.

5. The works comprised for Flat 1 replacing a downpipe, cleaning or replacing a gutter as necessary, clearing out loose pointing and repointing. For Flat 4, the works comprised replacing a missing gutter, clearing debris from a valley, inspecting and replacing lead flashing as required, clearing out loose pointing and repointing, clearing a blocked downpipe and cleaning and repointing the wall as required.

6. The works have now been completed.

7. The [NAME] were informed at the time that the works would be carried out but no consultation occurred due to the urgency of the works. The Applicant now wishes to obtain dispensation from the obligation to consult. The Respondents have been informed of this application and one response has been received, from the [NAME] of Flat 2; that response supported the proposed dispensation and was content for the matter to be determined on the papers.

8. By Directions of the Tribunal dated 15 March 2024 it was decided that the application be determined without a hearing, by way of a paper case.

3 9. The Tribunal did not inspect the Property as it considered the documentation and information before it in the set of documents prepared by the Applicant enabled the Tribunal to proceed with this determination.

10. This has been a paper determination which has been consented to by the parties. The documents that were referred to are contained in a 41 page bundle containing a statement of case, the Applicant’s application, a specimen lease provided with it, quotations and invoices, correspondence with the Respondents, some pictures plus the Tribunal’s Directions dated 15 March 2024, the contents of which has been recorded. The issues 11. The only issue for the Tribunal to decide is whether or not it is reasonable to dispense with the statutory consultation requirements. This application does not concern the issue of whether or not service charges will be reasonable or payable. Law 12. Section 20 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985 (as amended) (“the 1985 Act”) and the Service Charges (Consultation Requirements) (England) Regulations 2003 require a landlord planning to undertake major works, where a [NAME] will be required to contribute over £250 towards those works, to consult the [NAME] in a specified form.

13. Should a landlord not comply with the correct consultation procedure, it is possible to obtain dispensation from compliance with these requirements by an application such as this one before the Tribunal. Essentially the Tribunal must be satisfied that it is reasonable to do so.

14. The Applicant seeks dispensation under section 20ZA of the 1985 Act from all the consultation requirements imposed on the landlord by section 20 of the 1985 Act.

15. Section 20ZA relates to consultation requirements and provides as follows: “(1) Where an application is made to a leasehold valuation tribunal for a determination to dispense with all or any of the consultation requirements in relation to any qualifying works or qualifying long term agreement, the tribunal may make the determination if satisfied that it is reasonable to dispense with the requirements.

(2) In section 20 and this section—

4 “qualifying works” means works on a building or any other premises, and “qualifying long term agreement” means (subject to subsection (3)) an agreement entered into, by or on behalf of the landlord or a superior landlord, for a term of more than twelve months. …. (4) In section 20 and this section “the consultation requirements” means requirements prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State. (5) Regulations under subsection (4) may in particular include provision requiring the landlord— (a) to provide details of proposed works or agreements to tenants or the recognised tenants’ association representing them, (b) to obtain estimates for proposed works or agreements, (c) to invite tenants or the recognised tenants’ association to propose the names of persons from whom the landlord should try to obtain other estimates, (d) to have regard to observations made by tenants or the recognised tenants’ association in relation to proposed works or agreements and estimates, and (e) to give reasons in prescribed circumstances for carrying out works or entering into agreements.

Findings 7. In the case of [COMPANY] v Benson [2013] UKSC 14, by a majority decision (3-2), the Supreme Court considered the dispensation provisions and set out guidelines as to how they should be applied.

8. The Supreme Court came to the following conclusions: a. The correct legal test on an application to the Tribunal for dispensation is: 

“Would the flat owners suffer any relevant prejudice, and if so, what relevant prejudice, as a result of the landlord’s failure to comply with the requirements?” b. The purpose of the consultation procedure is to ensure [NAME] are protected from paying for inappropriate works or paying more than would be appropriate. c. In considering applications for dispensation the Tribunal should focus on whether the [NAME] were prejudiced in either respect by the landlord’s failure to comply. d. The Tribunal has the power to grant dispensation on appropriate terms and can impose conditions.

5 e. The factual burden of identifying some relevant prejudice is on the [NAME]. Once they have shown a credible case for prejudice, the Tribunal should look to the landlord to rebut it. f. The onus is on the [NAME] to establish: i. what steps they would have taken had the breach not happened and ii. in what way their rights under (b) above have been prejudiced as a consequence.

16.

Accordingly, the Tribunal had to consider whether there was any prejudice that may have arisen out of the conduct of the applicant and whether it was reasonable for the Tribunal to grant dispensation following the guidance set out above. Consideration 17. Having read the evidence and submissions from the Applicant and having considered all of the documents and grounds for making the application provided by the applicants, the Tribunal determines the dispensation issues as follows.

18. The Tribunal is of the view that, taking into account that there have been no objections from the [NAME], it could not find prejudice to any of the [NAME] of the Property by the granting of dispensation relating to the urgent works to the Property.

19. The Applicant believed that the works were urgent to ensure that there was no further damage to the two flats. On the evidence before it, the Tribunal agrees with this conclusion and believes that it is reasonable to allow dispensation in relation to the subject matter of the application.

20. The Applicant shall be responsible for formally serving a copy of the Tribunal’s decision on the [NAME]. Furthermore, the Applicant shall place a copy of the Tribunal’s decision on dispensation together with an explanation of the [NAME]’ appeal rights on its website (if any) within 7 days of receipt and shall maintain it there for at least 3 months, with a sufficiently prominent link to both on its home page. It should also be posted in a prominent position in the communal areas. In this way, [NAME] who have not returned the reply form may view the Tribunal’s eventual decision on dispensation and their appeal rights.

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Rights of appeal 1. A person wishing to appeal this decision to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) must seek permission to do so by making written application by email to [EMAIL]

2. The application must arrive at the Tribunal within 28 days after the Tribunal sends to the person making the application written reasons for the decision.

3. If the person wishing to appeal does not comply with the 28 day time limit, the person shall include with the application for permission to appeal a request for an extension of time and the reason for not complying with the 28 day time limit; the Tribunal will then decide whether to extend time or not to allow the application for permission to appeal to proceed.

4. The application for permission to appeal must identify the decision of the Tribunal to which it relates, state the grounds of appeal, and state the result the party making the application is seeking.