Tribunal Sets Fair Rent for Tenancy Considering Property Condition and Scarcity

OUTCOME: Allowed

FR27 First-tier Tribunal – Property Chamber File Ref No. LON/00AN/F77/2025/0056

Notice of the Tribunal Decision

Rent Act 1977 Schedule 11

Address of Premises The Tribunal members were 3rd Floor Flat, [ADDRESS], London 14 0NS

Mr. [RESPONDENT] Mr [APPELLANT] JP

Landlord [NAME]([COMPANY]) [APPELLANT]

Tenant [NAME]

1. The fair rent is £199.20 Per Week (excluding water rates and council tax but including any amounts in paras 3&4)

2. The effective date is 2 May 2025

3. The amount for services is

Per

None

4. The amount for fuel charges (excluding heating and lighting of common parts) not counting for rent allowance is

Per

None

5. The rent is not to be registered as variable.

6. The capping provisions of the Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999 apply (please see calculation overleaf).

7. Details (other than rent) where different from Rent Register entry

8. For information only:

(a) The fair rent to be registered is not limited by the Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999, because it is below the maximum fair rent of £206.50 per calendar week. . (b)

(c)

[NAME] [NAME] of decision 2 May 2025

FR27 MAXIMUM FAIR RENT CALCULATION

LATEST RPI FIGURE X 395.3

PREVIOUS RPI FIGURE Y 360.3

X 395.3 Minus Y 360.3 = (A) 35.0

(A) 35.0 Divided by Y 360.3 = (B) 0.097

First application for re-registration since 1 February 1999 - NO

If yes (B) plus 1.075 = (C) N/A

If no (B) plus 1.05 = (C) 1.147

Last registered rent* 180 Multiplied by (C) = 206.46 *(exclusive of any variable service charge)

Rounded up to nearest 50p = 206.50

Variable service charge No If YES add amount for services

MAXIMUM FAIR RENT = £206.50 Per Week

Explanatory Note

1. The calculation of the maximum fair rent, in accordance with the formula contained in the Order, is set out above.

2. In summary, the formula provides for the maximum fair rent to be calculated by:

(a) increasing the previous registered rent by the percentage change in the retail price index (the RPI) since the date of that earlier registration and

(b) adding a further 7.5% (if the present application was the first since 1 February 1999) or 5% (if it is a second or subsequent application since that date).

A 7.5% increase is represented, in the calculation set out above, by the addition of 1.075 to (B) and an increase of 5% is represented by the addition of 1.05 to (B).

The result is rounded up to the nearest 50 pence.

3. For the purposes of the calculation the latest RPI figure (x) is that published in the calendar month immediately before the month in which the Tribunal’s fair rent determination was made.

4. The process differs where the tenancy agreement contains a variable service charge and the rent is to be registered as variable under section 71(4) of the Rent Act 1977. In such a case the variable service charge is removed before applying the formula. When the amount determined by the application of the formula is ascertained the service charge is then added to that sum in order to produce the maximum fair rent.

FIRST-TIER TRIBUNAL PROPERTY CHAMBER (RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY) Case reference : LON/00AN/F77/2025/0056 Property : [ADDRESS] [POSTCODE] Applicants (Tenant) : [COUNSEL] : None Respondent (Landlord) : [COMPANY] : None Type of application : Section 70 of the Rent ACT 1977 Tribunal members :

Mr [NAME] Mr [NAME] JP

Date of Reasons : 2 May 2025

Reasons

The Tribunal determines £199.20 per week is to be registered as the fair rent for the above property with effect from 2 May 2025 being the date of the Tribunal's decision.

Reasons

Background

1 On 4th September 2023 the landlord, applied to the Valuation Office Agency (Rent Officer) for registration of a fair rent of £180

2 The rent payable at the time of the application was £180 per week effective from 16 January 2023 following a decision of the First Tier Property Tribunal.

3 On 25 November 2024 the Rent Officer registered a fair rent of £203.50 per week effective from 16 January 2025. The rent increase imposed by the Rent Officer had been “capped” or limited by the operation of the Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999 (the Order) which is explained in greater detail below.

4 By a letter dated 4 December 2024 from [APPELLANT], the Tenant objected to the rent determined by the Rent Officer and the matter was referred to this Tribunal.

The law

5 When determining a fair rent the Tribunal, in accordance with the Rent Act 1977, section 70, must have regard to all the circumstances including the age, location and state of repair of the property. It also must disregard the effect of (a) any relevant tenant's improvements and (b) the effect of any disrepair or other defect attributable to the tenant, on the rental value of the property. Section 70(2) of the Rent Act 1977 imposes on the Tribunal an assumption that the number of persons seeking to become tenants of similar dwelling house in the locality on the terms (other than those relating to rent) of the regulated tenancy is not substantially greater than the number of such dwelling houses in the locality which are available for letting on such terms. This is commonly called ‘scarcity’.

[COMPANY] v [NAME] of the Greater Manchester Council (1995) 28 HLR 107 and [NAME] v [NAME] Tribunal [1999] QB 92 the Court of Appeal emphasised

(a) that ordinarily a fair rent is the market rent for the property discounted for 'scarcity' (i.e. that element, if any, of the market rent, that is attributable to there being a significant shortage of similar properties in the wider locality available for letting on similar terms - other than as to rent - to that of the regulated tenancy) and

(b) that for the purposes of determining the market rent, assured tenancy (market) rents are usually appropriate comparables. (These rents may

have to be adjusted where necessary to reflect any relevant differences between those comparables and the subject property).

The Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999 places a “cap” on the permissible amount of the increase of a fair rent between one registration and the next, by reference to the amount of the increase in the United Kingdom Index of Retail Prices between the dates of the two registrations. Where the cap applies the Rent Officer and the Tribunal is prevented from increasing the amount of the fair rent that it registers beyond the maximum fair rent calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Order and the mathematical formula set out in the Order. By article 2(7) of the 1999 Order the capping provisions do not apply “in respect of a dwelling-house if because of a change in the condition of the dwelling-house or the common parts as a result of repairs or improvements (including the replacement of any fixture or fitting) carried out by the landlord or a superior landlord, the rent that is determined in response to an application for registration of a new rent under Part IV exceeds by at least 15% the previous rent registered or confirmed.” Hearing and Inspection 6 It had been agreed with the parties in advance that there would be a hearing held at 10 [ADDRESS] [POSTCODE], to be followed by an inspection of the premises later in the day. Following this arrangement, the Tribunal received an email from the Tenant on 1 May 2025 confirming that she would be unable to attend a hearing due to ill health but wished for the inspection to go ahead.

Facts found with Inspection.

7 The Tribunal inspected the property on 2 May 2025 in the presence of the Tenant.

8 The property is a converted fourth floor flat which forms part of a Victorian five storey (including semi-basement) end-of-terrace building with brick and stucco elevations.

9 The property is located in an established road close to local amenities and Hammersmith station.

10 The accommodation comprises: living room, kitchen, bedroom, bathroom/WC

Terms of the tenancy

11 The Tribunal issued Directions on 20 February 2025 which set out a timescale for the proceedings. The Landlord’s Application for Registration of Fair Rent states the agreement commenced on 14 January 1978, but no agreement was submitted. It is assumed such an agreement made the landlord responsible for structural repairs and external decorations. The tenant is responsible for internal decorations. It is assumed the property was let unfurnished.

Condition of the Property

12 The property is in need of general refurbishment and modernisation. The bathroom and kitchen fittings are dated and damaged. There is evidence of damaged plaster and damp staining to ceilings caused by defective flat roof covering. The communal staircase is steep and narrow leading to the fourth floor with no lift. The rooms sizes are restricted by the skeilings with limited insulation.

Written Evidence

13 The Tribunal had copies of the Valuation Office Agency correspondence including the previous rent registration together with the calculations for the most recent registration.

14 The tenant provided a completed Reply Form with submissions in connection with the condition of the property and lack of natural light to the kitchen and living room following refurbishment and extension works undertaken by the Landlord in approximately 2019.

Valuation

15 In the first instance the Tribunal determined what rent the landlord could reasonably be expected to obtain for the property in the open market if it were let today in the condition that is considered usual for such an open market letting.

16 Based upon the evidence provided by the Landlord together with its expert knowledge of the Hammersmith area, the Tribunal considers that the subject property, if finished to a reasonable standard would be likely to attract a rent let on an assured shorthold tenancy, of £415 per week. (£1,800 per calendar month)

17 Next, the Tribunal needs to adjust that hypothetical rent of £415 per month to allow for the differences between the terms of this tenancy, the unmodernised condition, dated sanitary fittings and kitchen units, the lack of white goods, carpets and curtains, the fourth floor location and restricted head height in some rooms and the tenant’s decorating responsibilities (disregarding the effect of tenant’s improvements and any disrepair or other defect attributable to the tenant).

The Tribunal has considered very carefully the information prepared by the parties.

18 Using its own expertise, the Tribunal considers that a deduction of 40% should be applied in order to take into account the terms of the tenancy, the condition of the property and the lack of carpets, curtains and white goods. This provides a deduction of £166 per month from the hypothetical rent. This reduces the figure to £249.00 per week.

It should be noted that this figure cannot be a simple arithmetical calculation and is not based upon capital costs but is the Tribunal’s estimate of the amount by which the rent would need to be reduced to attract a tenant.

Scarcity

19 Thirdly, the Tribunal then went on to consider whether a deduction falls to be made to reflect scarcity within the meaning of section 70(2) of the 1977 Act. The tribunal followed the decision of the High Court in [COMPANY] v [NAME], in which it was held that scarcity over a wide area should be considered rather than scarcity in relation to a particular locality.

20 In the Tribunals opinion there should be a deduction of 20% for scarcity as it is considered demand outweighs supply of rented properties in the area. This provides a figure of £49.80 and therefore reduces the rent to £199.20 per week.

Conclusion

21 . The fair rent to be registered is not limited by the Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999, because it is below the maximum fair rent of £206.50 per week.

22 Therefore, the fair rent to be registered is £199.20 per month. In accordance with the statutory provisions, this takes effect from 2 May 2025 being the date of the Tribunal’s decision.

Detailed calculations for the capped maximum fair rent are provided on the back of the decision form.

[NAME]

2 May 2025

RIGHTS OF APPEAL

1. A person wishing to appeal this decision to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) must seek permission to do so by making written application by email to [EMAIL] to the First-tier Tribunal at the Regional office which has been dealing with the case.

2. The application must arrive at the Tribunal within 28 days after the Tribunal sends to the person making the application written reasons for the decision.

3. If the person wishing to appeal does not comply with the 28 day time limit, the person shall include with the application for permission to appeal a request for an extension of time and the reason for not complying with the 28 day time limit; the Tribunal will then decide whether to extend time or not to allow the application for permission to appeal to proceed.

4. The application for permission to appeal must identify the decision of the Tribunal to which it relates, state the grounds of appeal, and state the result the party making the application is seeking.